Navigator
Colombia
(information)
Population as of 2020: 51 million 28 of 193
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Region: South America
Nominal G.D.P. in 2024: $418.5 billion 38 of 193
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Top Exports
Colombia’s exports in **2024** were worth roughly **$49–69 billion** depending on methodology, and are **heavily dominated by energy and commodities**, especially **oil, coal, gold, and coffee**. | Rank | Export Category | Notes | | ---- | ------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- | | 1 | **Mineral fuels (oil & refined petroleum)** | Largest category (~45% of exports). | | 2 | **Coal & solid fuels** | Colombia is a major global coal exporter. | | 3 | **Precious metals (gold, emeralds)** | Strong mining sector. | | 4 | **Coffee, tea & spices** | Colombia is a top global coffee exporter. | | 5 | **Cut flowers & plants** | One of the world’s largest flower exporters. | | 6 | **Fruits & nuts** | Bananas, avocados, tropical fruits. | | 7 | **Plastics & plastic articles** | Petrochemical products. | | 8 | **Chemicals** | Industrial chemicals and derivatives. | | 9 | **Iron & steel products** | Industrial exports. | | 10 | **Aluminum & metal products** | Mining-related exports. | Key individual export products (by value) | Rank | Product | Notes | | ---- | ----------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- | | 11 | **Crude petroleum** | Largest single export (~24% of total). | | 12 | **Coal (briquettes & solid fuels)** | Second-largest export (~12%). | | 13 | **Gold (unwrought)** | Major mining export (~8%). | | 14 | **Coffee** | Iconic export (~7%). | | 15 | **Refined petroleum products** | Fuel exports (~5%). | | 16 | **Cut flowers (roses, carnations, etc.)** | Global leader (~5%). | | 17 | **Bananas & plantains** | Key agricultural export. | | 18 | **Coke & semi-coke (coal derivatives)** | Industrial fuel. | | 19 | **Ferroalloys (iron alloys)** | Industrial metals. | | 20 | **Avocados & tropical fruits** | Fast-growing export sector. | Key Takeaways * 🛢️ **Energy dominates:** * Oil and coal together make up a **huge share of exports** * ☕ **Coffee remains iconic:** * Colombia is one of the world’s top exporters of **high-quality Arabica coffee** * 🌸 **World leader in flowers:** * Colombia is a **top global exporter of cut flowers**, especially to the U.S. * 🌱 **Strong agriculture sector:** * Bananas, avocados, and fruits are increasingly important * ⛏️ **Resource-based economy:** * Heavy reliance on **commodities and mining** Top Importers of Colombia’s Exports (2024) | Rank | Country | Notes | | ---- | ----------------- | ------------------------------------------------------ | | 1 | **United States** | By far the largest market; oil, coffee, flowers, gold. | | 2 | **China** | Coal, oil, and raw materials. | | 3 | **Panama** | Trade hub and regional re-exports. | | 4 | **India** | Coal and energy products. | | 5 | **Netherlands** | EU gateway; oil, flowers, and agricultural goods. | | 6 | **Brazil** | Regional trade; industrial and agricultural goods. | | 7 | **Spain** | Oil, agricultural products, and chemicals. | | 8 | **Mexico** | Industrial goods, oil, and food products. | | 9 | **Chile** | Regional trade; fuels and consumer goods. | | 10 | **Turkey** | Coal and industrial commodities. | Key Patterns * 🇺🇸 **United States dominates**: * The largest destination for **coffee, flowers, and oil** * 🌍 **Commodity-driven trade**: * Countries like **China, India, and Turkey** import **coal and raw materials** * 🌎 **Regional integration**: * Strong trade within **Latin America** (Brazil, Mexico, Chile) * 🔁 **Trade hubs matter**: * **Panama and the Netherlands** act as **distribution centers**
