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Greece
(information)
Population as of 2020: 10.6 million 85 of 193
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Region: Europe
Nominal G.D.P. in 2024: $257.14 billion 52 of 193
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Top Exports
Greece exported about **$53–54 billion in goods in 2024**, with a **diversified export mix** led by **refined petroleum, pharmaceuticals, metals, food products, and machinery** | Rank | Export Category | Notes | | ---- | --------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- | | 1 | **Mineral fuels (refined petroleum)** | Largest sector (~30% of exports) | | 2 | **Pharmaceuticals** | Major high-value export (~5–6%) | | 3 | **Aluminum & aluminum products** | Key industrial export (~5%+) | | 4 | **Electrical machinery & equipment** | Power systems, cables | | 5 | **Machinery (including computers)** | Industrial equipment | | 6 | **Food preparations (processed foods)** | Strong food industry | | 7 | **Fruits & nuts** | Citrus, grapes, fresh produce | | 8 | **Plastics & plastic articles** | Petrochemical-based products | | 9 | **Dairy products (cheese, yogurt)** | Feta and dairy exports | | 10 | **Vegetable oils (olive oil)** | Globally recognized export | Key individual export products (by value) | Rank | Product | Notes | | ---- | ----------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------- | | 11 | **Refined petroleum oils** | Largest single export (~$13–14B) | | 12 | **Packaged medicaments** | Second-largest export | | 13 | **Aluminum plates/sheets/strips** | Major metal export | | 14 | **Electrical energy (power exports)** | Growing rapidly | | 15 | **Cheese & curd (incl. feta)** | Iconic food export | | 16 | **Olive oil** | Signature agricultural product | | 17 | **Fresh fish (seafood)** | Important Mediterranean export | | 18 | **Prepared vegetables (preserved foods)** | Processed food sector | | 19 | **Insulated wires & cables** | Industrial/electrical exports | | 20 | **Computers & data-processing equipment** | Technology exports | Key Takeaways * 🛢️ **Energy dominates:** * Refined petroleum products are **by far the largest export category** * 💊 **Strong pharmaceutical sector:** * Greece exports significant volumes of **medicines and biotech products** * 🏭 **Industrial base:** * Aluminum, machinery, and electrical equipment are key exports * 🍽️ **Food & agriculture strength:** * Major exports include **olive oil, cheese, fruits, and processed foods** * 🌍 **Balanced export structure:** * Unlike oil-only economies, Greece combines **energy + industry + agriculture** Top Importers of Greece’s Exports (2024) | Rank | Country | Notes | | ---- | ----------------- | ---------------------------------------------------- | | 1 | **Italy** | Largest partner; refined petroleum, energy products. | | 2 | **Germany** | Pharmaceuticals, machinery, and industrial goods. | | 3 | **Bulgaria** | Electricity, fuels, and regional trade. | | 4 | **Turkey** | Energy, metals, and chemicals. | | 5 | **Cyprus** | Close economic ties; fuels and consumer goods. | | 6 | **United States** | Pharmaceuticals, food products, and machinery. | | 7 | **France** | Industrial goods and chemicals. | | 8 | **Spain** | Energy products and agricultural goods. | | 9 | **Romania** | Fuels, electricity, and industrial goods. | | 10 | **Netherlands** | Trade hub; fuels and re-exports. | Key Patterns * 🇪🇺 **Europe dominates strongly**: * Most exports go to **EU countries and nearby neighbors** * 🛢️ **Energy drives trade flows**: * Refined petroleum is a key export to many partners * 🌍 **Regional integration matters**: * Strong trade with **Balkans and Eastern Mediterranean** (Bulgaria, Turkey, Cyprus) * 🔁 **Trade hubs still important**: * The **Netherlands** serves as a distribution gateway
