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Azerbaijan
(information)
Population as of 2020: 10.18 million 89 of 193
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Region: Eastern Europe
Nominal G.D.P. in 2024: $74.3 billion 83 of 193
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Top Exports
Total exports: **~$26.6 billion (2024)** **Extremely concentrated economy:** oil and gas alone account for **~87%+ of exports** | Rank | Export Category | Notes | | ---- | -------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------- | | 1 | **Mineral fuels (oil & gas)** ⭐ | ~88% of exports; overwhelmingly dominant | | 2 | **Fruits & nuts** | Main agricultural export (~2%) | | 3 | **Plastics & plastic articles** | Petrochemical-related products | | 4 | **Precious metals (gold)** | Growing export category | | 5 | **Cotton** | Traditional agricultural export | | 6 | **Vegetables** | Tomatoes and fresh produce | | 7 | **Aluminum & aluminum products** | Industrial metal exports | | 8 | **Vehicles** | Small but present manufacturing sector | | 9 | **Fertilizers** | Fast-growing export category | | 10 | **Organic chemicals** | Petrochemical derivatives | Key individual export products (by value) | Rank | Product | Notes | | ---- | ------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------- | | 11 | **Crude petroleum** | #1 export (~54% of total) | | 12 | **Natural gas (pipeline & LNG)** | #2 export (~30%+) | | 13 | **Refined petroleum products** | Smaller but important fuel exports | | 14 | **Petroleum gases (propane, butane)** | Energy exports | | 15 | **Unwrought gold** | Key non-energy export | | 16 | **Raw cotton** | Agricultural export | | 17 | **Fresh tomatoes** | Leading vegetable export | | 18 | **Fresh fruits (various)** | Includes apples, pomegranates | | 19 | **Hazelnuts** | Important niche export | | 20 | **Methanol (industrial chemical)** | Petrochemical export | Key Takeaways * 🛢️ **Extreme energy dependence:** * Oil and gas make up **~87%+ of total exports** * 🥇 **Crude oil dominates:** * The single largest export by far (~50%+ of total) * 🔥 **Gas is the second pillar:** * Natural gas exports are a major revenue source * 🌱 **Small agricultural sector:** * Fruits, vegetables, cotton, and nuts are the main non-energy exports * 🧪 **Limited diversification:** * Non-oil exports remain **relatively small compared to hydrocarbons** Top Importers of Azerbaijan’s Exports (2024) | Rank | Country | Notes | | ---- | --------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- | | 1 | **Italy** | By far the largest buyer (~40%+); crude oil via pipelines/ships. | | 2 | **Turkey** | Natural gas and close strategic partner. | | 3 | **Israel** | Significant crude oil importer. | | 4 | **India** | Oil and petroleum products. | | 5 | **Germany** | Energy imports (oil and gas). | | 6 | **Greece** | Natural gas via Southern Gas Corridor. | | 7 | **Spain** | Crude oil imports. | | 8 | **France** | Energy and petrochemicals. | | 9 | **Georgia** | Regional trade; energy and goods transit. | | 10 | **Netherlands** | Trade hub; oil and re-exports. | Key Patterns * 🇮🇹 **Italy dominates overwhelmingly**: * Takes a very large share of Azerbaijan’s **crude oil exports** * 🛢️ **Energy drives all trade relationships**: * Nearly every major partner imports **oil or natural gas** * 🇪🇺 **Europe is the primary market**: * Many top importers are **European countries**, especially for energy security * 🌍 **Strategic regional links**: * Strong ties with **Turkey and Georgia** for pipelines and transit
